В последние годы, социальная изоляция стала неотъемлемой частью нашей реальности. Вызвано это пандемией, миграцией, или другими обстоятельствами, ограничение контактов с разными людьми может оказывать влияние на психическое здоровье. В 21 веке, когда технологии и социальные медиа оказывают огромное влияние на нашу жизнь, людей поглотила «эпидемия одиночества». По данным Euromonitor International, во всем мире количество людей, проживающих в одиночестве, увеличилось примерно на 30% за десять лет.
Социальная изоляция влияет на каждого отдельного человека по-разному. Одни выбирают одиночество добровольно и им комфортно в таком состоянии, а другим приходится жить в изоляции вынужденно. Но какие же последствия, во втором случае, оно несет?
источник: https://pin.it/1reZtWD
Социальная изоляция способна нанести вред психическому здоровью
Одна из проблем одиночества в 21 веке связана с развитием технологий и социальных медиа. Хотя эти инновации дают нам возможность быть постоянно на связи друг с другом, они также добавляют дистанцию и отчуждение в наши отношения. По данным аналитиков We Are Social, за десятелетие количество пользователей соцсетей увеличилось в 3,1 раза (на 12%) Люди проводят все больше времени виртуально и общаются в мессенджерах, таких как Telegram и Instagram*, вместо того, чтобы лично общаться с другими людьми. Это приводит к тому, что многие люди ощущают себя одинокими и отвергнутыми(по данным Высшей школы экономики, более 43% россиян чувствуют себя изолированными от общества из-за интернета).
Исследования ученых из Йоркского и Ньюкаслского университетов подтверждают, что социальная изоляция может оказывать серьезное негативное влияние на психическое здоровье. Одна из причин этого заключается в том, что человек – социальное существо и зависит от общения с другими людьми. Взаимодействие с обществом помогает нам находить поддержку, развивать эмоциональные связи и справляться со стрессом. Однако, когда возникают ограничения на социальные контакты, это может привести к чувству изоляции, одиночества и ухудшению психического состояния.
Одной из наиболее распространенных психологических заболеваний, которые вызванны социальной изоляцией, служит тревожность и депрессия. Неконтролируемое одиночество может привести к потере энергии, снижению настроения, апатии и потере интереса к жизни. Люди, которые вынужденно остались в изоляции, также испытывают ухудшение сна, концентрации и памяти – это может повлиять на их работоспособность и качество жизни в целом(на основе данных исследования американских ученых из университета Бригама Янга) .
Для некоторых людей, одиночество может спровоцировать злоупотребление вредными привычками, такими как алкоголь, наркотики. Или в крайнем случае причинение вреда себе в попытке справиться с эмоциональным дискомфортом, который связан с ощущением изоляции.
источник: https://pin.it/ewMXjov
Одиночество ухудшает нашу физиологию
Яна Либерц в своём исследовании 2021 года говорит, что в одиночестве мы не просто неблагоприятно себя чувствуем: оно плохо влияет на наше здоровье. Одиночество может приводить к повышению артериального давления, инсультам и заболеваниям сердечно-сосудистой системы. При нем риск сахарного диабета второго типа может вырасти вдвое, а вероятность развития деменции — на 40%. Также Яна Либерц пришла к выводу, что одиночество меняет мышление. Возникает эффект «одиночества в толпе», когда человек чувствует одиночество даже при обычном разговоре или когда выбирается в общественное место.
Психолог Джон Качиоппо в своём исследовании на сайте «PubMed» в 2015 году тоже доказал, что полная изоляция и отсутсвие любых социальных контактов приводит к изменению физиологии. Он сделал вывод,что в среднем, одиночество на 42% повышает риск деменции.
Важно признать и понять влияние социальной изоляции на психическое здоровье и предпринимать меры для снижения ее негативного воздействия. Мы должны находить альтернативные способы общения и поддержки. Современные средства коммуникации предлагают изобилие общения, но не дают насыщения эмоциями. В результате, одиночество становится важным сигналом о необходимости живых эмоций, а виртуальное не всегда способно полностью их предоставить.
*Meta признана в РФ экстремистской организацией
источник: https://pin.it/2qXgE66
Автор: Наталья Макиенко
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