Современное искусство вызывает у многих противоречивые эмоции. Почему оно такое? Художники вдруг разучились рисовать?
В этой статье мы попробуем разобраться почему современное искусство выглядит так на примере картины Казимира Малевича “Черный квадрат”.
Сейчас современное искусство набирает популярность среди молодёжи. Появляется множество видео в TikTok с обзором выставок, однако очень часто в отзывах можно встретить слова “мазня, я тоже так могу”. Давайте разберёмся, почему современное искусство такое, на примере одной картины, которая вызывает много вопросов и сейчас, хотя была написана более ста лет назад. Это “Черный квадрат” Казимира Малевича.
Сегодня коллекционеры готовы приобрести этот шедевр за 140 миллионов долларов. Почему, это всего лишь квадрат, который, казалось бы, может нарисовать каждый?
Новый этап в живописи
Очень долгое время живопись была изобразительной. Она говорила с нами на привычном нам языке — демонстрировала нам реальность. С изобретением фотографии эта функция утратила смысл, и художники начали переосмыслять искусство и свою роль в нём. Стало появляться множество направлений, которые говорили с нами на новом языке, они больше не изображали реальность так, как это делали раньше. Одним из таких направлений был супрематизм, в рамках которого и был создан “Черный квадрат”.
Новый язык живописи.
“Черный квадрат” — это базовый элемент нового языка, который изобрёл Малевич. Вместе с квадратом появились круг — следствие вращения фигуры на плоскости, и крест. Это стало началом появления супрематизма. Художник прошёл долгий путь к созданию “Чёрного квадрата”, о чём свидетельствует его одноименная книга, посвященная теории беспредметного искусства.
Абсолютный ноль
Эта картина стала как бы абсолютным нулём в новом искусстве. Малевич будто перепридумал искусство заново и “Чёрный квадрат” стал точкой отсчета.
Вдохновение
Вскоре на новом языке заговорили сторонники Малевича. Стали появляться супрематические сервизы, одежда. Появились даже детские книжки, например, “Супрематический сказ про два квадрата”. Позже вдохновляться начали почти все деятели искусства: архитекторы, скульпторы, дизайнеры интерьера. Некоторые обращаются к этому до сих пор.
Такие противоречивые высказывания по отношению к произведениям современного искусства связаны с тем, что мы оцениваем его не по тем критериям.
Это не то искусство, про которое можно сказать красиво или некрасиво. Это новый язык.
Именно поэтому недостаточно нарисовать квадрат, чтобы стать художником и выручить за него миллионы долларов, за этим стоит долгий процесс развития и переосмысления искусства.
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