Середина ХХ века. Компания Project Trust в Великобритании отправляет несколько студентов в Эфиопию для культурного обмена. Организация «Dynamy» считает, что студенты должны понимать роль, которую играют в обществе, а их страхи и непонимания будут мешать и подавлять желание развиваться. Вскоре популярность перерыва на год растет и охватывает другие англоязычные страны. Через 20 лет в США появляется Центр промежуточных программ, и gap year становится годом для развития культурных перспектив и повышения самосознания и уверенности в себе.
Катерине Тихомировой из фильма «Москва слезам не верит», не хватило двух баллов, чтобы поступить в химико-технический институт. Следующая попытка будет только через год, поэтому девушке приходится работать штамповщицей на заводе. В СССР в 60-ые годы об академическом отпуске не было и речи. Поступить мог каждый, но только с отличным знанием материала, поэтому к вступительным готовились заранее: круглосуточное изучение учебников и заучивание конспектов. Но не всегда на распределении вундеркинды слышали свою фамилию. Для советской системы образования дисциплина и знания были главными критериями: не поступил — плохо готовился, плохо готовился — не смог себя организовать.
Возможность оторваться от земли или улететь в никуда?
По данным сайта Mel.fm 45% учеников в РФ не слышали о возможности академического отпуска и только 11% ребят воспользовались бы такой возможностью.
В ХХI веке причиной нехватки баллов чаще становится ЕГЭ, из-за которого письмо «зачислен» можно увидеть только через год после пересдачи. Этот обрыв между школой и институтом кажется непростительным для многих российских абитуриентов и их родителей. Старшее поколение привыкло к строгости и той системе, которая не прощает ошибок. Неопытным и испуганным выпускникам приходится идти по принципу «хоть куда-нибудь», чтобы как-то успокоить взволнованных родителей. Такой подход — причина того, что 69% людей работает не по специальности. Только 14% смелых учеников идут против системы и где-то после 3 лет неопределенности решают заняться тем, что им действительно нравится. Есть ли разница: три года стресса или один год поисков?
А что с нашими соседями? «Меня считали неудачником» VS. «Я увидел мир и почувствовал вкус взрослой жизни»
Ребята из Европы и США называют gap year выдохом перед глубоким вдохом. В их кругах академический отпуск не считается годом провала или неудачей. По исследованию winterline.com после года поисков 86% оканчивают университет на отлично, 77% уверены в себе и своих знаний, а возможность ребят с опытом gap year найти хорошую должность увеличивается на 60%. Такие целеустремленные ребята точно знают, что хотят в жизни, мечтают и стремятся к успеху.
Они определили несколько плюсов программы академического отпуска:
- Волонтерство (возможность стать участником сообщества, объединенного общей целью, опыт работы в команде)
- Путешествия (новые знакомства, расширение кругозора, изучение культуры других стран)
- Обучение за границей (обучение на специализированных курсах от одного семестра, параллельное обучение или прохождение стажировки в другой стране как очно, так и заочно)
- Курсы по обогащению (поиск себя и любимого дела, практики по психологии, новые хобби и увлечения)
- Стажировка (возможность получить первый заработок и попробовать себя в сфере, с которой будет связано обучение в вузе, языковая практика)
«Большинство выпускников все равно потратит этот год впустую»
Распространённое мнение, которое зафиксировалось в нашем обществе уже 20 лет, имеет справедливое пояснение. Российские выпускники неправильно трактуют возможность года перерыва. Когда студент из Германии едет в США, чтобы подтянуть английский язык и изучить университеты Калифорнии, в России выпускник Московской гимназии уже работает курьером в Яндекс.Еде. Наша ошибка — неправильные приоритеты и планы на будущее.
«Эта практика будет полезна 10% активной молодежи», — писала студентка на сайте Тинькофф Журнала. Она права. Важно не только осознать неправильно выбранный университет, но и понять, к чему стремится, когда поступишь в правильный. Об этом большинство и забывает. В течение года нужно попробовать себя в чем-то новом и работать в близком направлении.
Лучше поздно, чем никогда
Портал «Психология эффективной жизни» определил несколько советских установок, которые мешают современной молодежи двигаться вперед:
- «Будь как все, не высовывайся. Выскочек не любят»
- «Все должно быть идеально с первого раза»
- «Пятилетку за четыре года, в три смены, двумя руками, за одну зарплату»
Трудоголизм, коллективизм и максимализм нужно заменить на амбициозность, исключительность и открытость наших соседей. Навыки, которыми владеют студенты за рубежом, помогают им расширять кругозор и искать дело всей жизни. Возможность академического отпуска — большой шаг к обдуманной взрослой жизни. Волонтерство, путешествие по миру, первая зарплата, самостоятельность и новые знакомства подведут потерявшегося подростка к мечте, а работа в Макдональдсе или восьмичасовая смена кассиром в супермаркете — могут отобрать шанс на вторую попытку.
Если не с первого раза, то со второго. Есть 365 дней на познание себя.
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