Наверное, для многих фотография всегда начинается именно с задумки, ведь человек должен продумать все детали: как, где и кого снимать? Каждому начинающему фотографу приходилось сталкиваться с множеством проблем, но достаточно лишь освоить настройки камеры, чтобы в дальнейшем все получилось, и тут есть несколько секретов…
Как всё устроено?
Каждый уважающий себя фотограф снимает в ручном режиме, чтобы полностью контролировать процесс и настраивать камеру так, как хочется именно ему. Конечно, можно использовать и авторежим, но доверять технике лучше не стоит, ведь тогда фотограф не сможет контролировать три параметра: выдержку, ISO и диафрагму, от которых зависит качество картинки:
· Выдержка влияет на количество света, который поступает в камеру, т. е. чем дольше затвор камеры открыт, тем больше света поступает и наоборот.
· ISO определяет, сколько света необходимо для создания правильной фотографии. Например, его повышают, когда съемка проходит в малоосвещенном месте, и понижают в сильноосвещенном.
P.S. не стоит слишко поднимать значение ISO, иначе можно столкнуться с шумами на фотографии, лучше использовать дополнительные источники света: вспышку или дополнительный свет.
· Диафрагма влияет на количество света, который попадает в объектив, т.е. чем больше значение диафрагмы, тем меньше света попадает на матрицу, и наоборот. Понижать значения ( или открывать диафрагму) стоит при плохом освещении, а «закрывать» при хорошем.
Но не стоит забывать, что эти три параметра не могут работать по отдельности, они как единое целое, и если крутят один из них, то и другие нужно подстроить под него. На примере собственных работ, я попробую рассказать, что фотография – это увлекательное занятие.
Портрет
Самый распространённый тип фотографии, в которой запечатляется лик человека.
Красивую фотографию можно также получить, если использовать обычный свет из окна – естественный свет, важно лишь правильно обыграть его.
Поначалу мне было сложно разобраться с настройками и то, как лучше должен падать свет, но это дело всего лишь практики. В конечном итоге я поняла, что светом можно играть, как угодно. Можно осветить лишь часть лица и получить красивые тени, или же выделить все лицо. Но самое интересное, что я больше всего запомнила – это эмоции, которые я получила на этой съёмке, особенно, когда начала замечать, что у меня действительно получаются красивые кадры.
Смешанный свет
Одна из интересных техник получения картинки.
Главный секрет такого эффекта, заключается не в обработке, а в умении работать с выдержкой. Для начала нужно поставить три источника света: софтбокс для постановки импульсного света и два источника света со шторками, на которые прикрепляются цветные фильтры для улучшения эффекта на фотографии. Также обязательно нужно выставить значения длинной выдержки, например 5 секунд. После спуска затвора у фотографа есть это время, чтобы получить такие смазы. И тут мне помогли учителя. Дело в том, что за эти 5 секунд можно подбрасывать платье или двигаться, блестящие объекты будут давать интересные зигзаги, фотограф и сам может вращать камерой. Такая техника съёмки является индивидуальной, каждый может экспериментировать, как ему угодно, можно даже взять обычный фонарик и «порисовать» на фоне. Интересно, что после спуска затвора третий человек, который помогает в подбрасывание платье, не будет виден, только лишь смазы, это происходит из-за того,что после нажатия кнопки спуска затвора, основная картинка сформировалась, а после истечения этих 5 секунд остаются только разводы.
Заниматься фотографией очень интересно, она даёт простор для воображения. К ней можно подходить как к источнику дохода, так и творчески, и воплощать свои идеи. Как говорит моя подруга: «Для меня фотография – это самовыражение, через которое я могу показать, как я вижу этот мир».
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